Catechism Links[1]
CCC 1346-1347: The Eucharist and the experience of the disciples at Emmaus
CCC 642-644, 857, 995-996: The apostles and disciples as witnesses of the Resurrection
CCC 102, 601, 426-429,2763: Christ the key to interpreting all Scripture
CCC 457, 604-605, 608,615-616, 1476, 1992: Jesus, the Lamb offered for our sins
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| “Supper at Emmaus” by Willem Herreyns, 1808 |
Commentary:
Reading I: Acts 2:14, 22-33
Commentary on Acts 2:14, 22-33
This is the first of the six professions (“kerygma” or proclamations) in Acts about the resurrection set immediately following the Pentecost event. In this proclamation, Peter, speaking to the Jews in Jerusalem (many of whom would have been in the crowd that saw Jesus crucified), first tells them that: “This man (Jesus)” demonstrated, through “signs and wonders,” that he was the Christ. He then makes the accusation: “you killed,” and concludes with, “but God raised him up.” He reminds them that David had been promised an eternal dynasty (quoting Psalm 16:8-11), and that promise had been fulfilled in the resurrected Messiah, Jesus.
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Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 16:1-2a and5, 7-8, 9-10, 11
R. (1) Keep me safe, O God; you are my hope.
or:
R. Alleluia.
Commentary on Ps 16:1-2a and 5,7-8, 9-10, 11
Psalm 16 is a song of thanksgiving that has become prophetic. It speaks clearly of the resurrection accomplished in Christ. It is a hymn of trust in God. Each strophe ends with an affirmation of faithfulness. Key, in the context of the Easter season, is the idea of trust in God who has conquered death and offers the same gift. ("Because you will not abandon my soul to the nether world, nor will you suffer your faithful one to undergo corruption.") The psalmist prays that God will shield the faithful from harm, and expresses confidence in the Lord’s salvation; closing the passage with praise for God’s loving mercy.
CCC: Ps 16:9-10 627
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Reading II: 1 Peter 1:17-21
Commentary on 1 Pt 1:17-21
This selection is concerned primarily with the call of God's people to holiness and to mutual love. St. Peter encourages them to act in accord with their call, and through those actions accept their redemption through the blood of Christ.
At the beginning of the passage, St. Peter cautions the faithful: “If you invoke as Father him who judges impartially […] conduct yourselves with reverence.” “Refers to addressing God as ‘Abba’ or ‘Father’ in prayer (Matthew 6:9; Romans 8:15; CCC 2780-82).” – “impartially: i.e. with absolute fairness. Because God exercises perfect justice, he cannot be bribed to show favoritism toward some and not others (Deuteronomy 10:17) according to his deeds.”[5]
The “unblemished lamb” is a clear reference to the Passover lamb (1 Corinthians 5:7) whose blood caused death to pass by (Exodus 12:1-14), the expression of God’s salvation.
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Gospel: Luke 24:13-35
Commentary on Lk 24:13-35
This story of the disciples on the road to Emmaus is only found in Luke’s Gospel. There is a mention in Mark (Mark 16;12) that is vague but probably refers to this event. The actual location of Emmaus is not known, but it is estimated that it was between 7 and 18 miles from Jerusalem. The focus of the story is the unrecognized Jesus (similar: in John 20:11-18, Mary Magdalene thought he was a gardener). Jesus interprets scripture and then he is recognized in the breaking of the bread (the Eucharistic reference).
"In the course of their conversation with Jesus, the disciples' mood changes from sadness to joy; they begin to hope again, and feel the need to share their joy with others, thus becoming heralds and witnesses of the risen Christ."[6]
CCC: Lk 24:13-49 1094; Lk 24:13-35 1329, 1347; Lk 24:15 645, 659; Lk 24:17 643; Lk 24:21 439; Lk 24:22-23 640; Lk 24:25-27 112, 601; Lk 24:26-27 572, 652; Lk 24:26 555, 710; Lk 24:27 555, 2625; Lk 24:30 645, 1166; Lk 24:31 659; Lk 24:34 552, 641
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Homily:
Emmaus – The story that was proclaimed in the Gospel of St. Luke today mentions the village by name. Yet if you look at a map, even the earliest maps of that region, you would not find it. Yes, there are references to it in early manuscripts and there is speculation that places it between 8 and 17 miles north east of Jerusalem. But as a physical place you could not go visit it if you took one of the pilgrimages to the Holy Land, except by speculation and extrapolation. Emmaus does not exist today in a physical sense. Yet, as a destination, it is a place we are all seeking at our own pace and in our own way.
The disciples who were traveling that way on the day the Lord was revealed in the resurrection were probably traveling there in fear. They had seen the Son of God beaten, mocked, crucified and then skewered with a lance as he slumped dead against the cross. The long awaited Messiah was no more. They had seen his body hastily laid in a tomb.
We hear echoes of the emotions they felt in the passages from Acts of the Apostles, and the First Letter of Peter. In Acts we heard the Apostles boldly using the gift of the Holy Spirit they had just received at Pentecost, as they told their Jerusalem audience: “This man, delivered up by the set plan and foreknowledge of God, you killed, using lawless men to crucify him.” We can almost see St. Peter pointing his finger at the members of the Sanhedrin, the Jewish leadership. And then in St. Peter’s First Letter the Apostle says:
“…conduct yourselves with reverence during the time of your sojourning,
realizing that you were ransomed from your futile conduct,
handed on by your ancestors,
not with perishable things like silver or gold
but with the precious blood of Christ
as of a spotless unblemished lamb.”
We hear the awe and reverence of the Apostle as he recalls the Savior bleeding upon the cross, the innocent Lamb of God, offering himself as our sacrifice of atonement.
Those disciples on the road to Emmaus were not just frightened; they were crushed, fleeing to a place of safety perhaps. One record of the journey by these disciples to Emmaus, found in the manuscripts of Eucebius of Caesarea, refers to a church in the house of Cleopas in that village. It is states that Cleopas was one of the disciples who traveled that road. Putting the pieces together, we can speculate that they were headed for the house of Cleopas to sort things out. As our two fleeing disciples traveled, they are joined by a stranger (we wonder if they thought he was a gardener as Mary Magdalene had just done).
It is such an easy analogy; isn’t it? How often do we find ourselves fleeing to places of safety when we are faced with trials or difficult situations? How often do we seek the help of God and travel that road in fear seeking answers to the things in our lives that make no sense?
And how like those frightened disciples are we? How often do we seek answers only to find out later that the Lord has already answered us and we just did not recognize it? He was walking with us and we did not know it.
We can go further too. When the disciples finally recognized the Lord in his Eucharistic celebration they suddenly regained their courage. They found the strength that had left them in the fear of the moment, and ran back to Jerusalem to tell the others who they had encountered.
Yes, the village of Emmaus does not exist on any map, but it is certainly the destination each of us who hope to follow Christ is constantly seeking. We travel a path that leads to a place where the Lord will reveal himself to us in his glorified body, sitting at a table with us, and giving us the sudden knowledge that he has been walking with us the whole way, and we didn’t even know it.
Our journey this Easter season is still ahead of us as we look toward Pentecost. As we travel that road may we all be comforted in knowing that the Lord was with us, even when we did not know he was there.
Pax
In other years on this date: Optional Memorial for Saint Pius V, Pope, Religious
[1] Catechism links are taken from the Homiletic Directory, Published by the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, 29 June 2014
[2] The picture is “Supper at Emmaus” by Willem Herreyns, 1808
[3] S.S.Commemoratio
[5] Ignatius Catholic Study Bible, © 2010, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, CA. pp.452
[6] The Navarre Bible, “Gospels and Acts”, Scepter Publishers, Princeton, NJ, © 2002, pp. 513
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