(Optional Memorial for Saint John Baptist De La Salle, Priest)
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| “Abraham's Journey to Canaan” by Pieter Pietersz. Lastman, 1614 |
Readings from the Jerusalem Bible [2]
Readings and Commentary: [3]
Reading 1: Genesis 17:3-9
When Abram prostrated himself, God spoke to him:
"My covenant with you is this:
you are to become the father of a host of nations.
No longer shall you be called Abram;
your name shall be Abraham,
for I am making you the father of a host of nations.
I will render you exceedingly fertile;
I will make nations of you;
kings shall stem from you.
I will maintain my covenant with you
and your descendants after you
throughout the ages as an everlasting pact,
to be your God and the God of your descendants after you.
I will give to you
and to your descendants after you
the land in which you are now staying,
the whole land of Canaan, as a permanent possession;
and I will be their God."
God also said to Abraham:
"On your part, you and your descendants after you
must keep my covenant throughout the ages."
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Commentary on Gn 17:3-9
In ancient tradition, God changes the name of Abram to Abraham and takes dominion over him. “In traditional societies, and particularly in the OT, names were much more important than they are today. If for us personal names are little more than labels, in the OT they express a person’s character and destiny, at least as the parents perceive them (cf. [Genesis] 4:1, 25; 5:29; 16:15); usually children are named at birth by their parents.” [4] He establishes his covenant, and in return for faithful worship from Abraham and his descendants (repeated three times in this short selection to indicate the absolute promise of fulfillment), God promises to make Abraham’s line interminable, and the land he lives in a permanent possession. It is interesting to note that this action takes place after the birth of Ishmael to Hagar and before the birth of Isaac to Sarai, his wife, later renamed Sarah by God.
CCC: Gn 17:4-8 1819; Gn 17:5 59
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Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 105:4-5, 6-7, 8-9
R. (8a) The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
Look to the LORD in his strength;
seek to serve him constantly.
Recall the wondrous deeds that he has wrought,
his portents, and the judgments he has uttered.
R. The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
You descendants of Abraham, his servants,
sons of Jacob, his chosen ones!
He, the LORD, is our God;
throughout the earth his judgments prevail.
R. The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
He remembers forever his covenant
which he made binding for a thousand generations –
Which he entered into with Abraham
and by his oath to Isaac.
R. The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
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Commentary on Ps 105:4-5, 6-7, 8-9
This section of Psalm 105, a song of thanksgiving, recalls God’s covenant with Abraham, the promise of the land of Canaan, and calls for continued faithfulness. The psalmist recalls that God’s covenant extends to all the generations that follow “for a thousand generations.”
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Gospel: John 8:51-59
Jesus said to the Jews:
"Amen, amen, I say to you,
whoever keeps my word will never see death."
So the Jews said to him,
"Now we are sure that you are possessed.
Abraham died, as did the prophets, yet you say,
'Whoever keeps my word will never taste death.'
Are you greater than our father Abraham, who died?
Or the prophets, who died?
Who do you make yourself out to be?"
Jesus answered, "If I glorify myself, my glory is worth nothing;
but it is my Father who glorifies me,
of whom you say, 'He is our God.'
You do not know him, but I know him.
And if I should say that I do not know him,
I would be like you a liar.
But I do know him and I keep his word.
Abraham your father rejoiced to see my day;
he saw it and was glad."
So the Jews said to him,
"You are not yet fifty years old and you have seen Abraham?"
Jesus said to them, "Amen, amen, I say to you,
before Abraham came to be, I AM."
So they picked up stones to throw at him;
but Jesus hid and went out of the temple area.
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Commentary on Jn 8:51-59
St. John’s Gospel continues Jesus’ dialogue with the Jews in the temple area. He again alludes to the resurrection of the faithful (“whoever keeps my word will never see death”), but these Jews either do not understand or do not believe in the resurrection. They challenge Jesus, asking if he places himself above Abraham and the prophets who died.
In response, the Lord reiterates his relationship to the Father, and in doing so makes clear that Abraham would have recognized his status because he (Jesus) is eternal (“before Abraham came to be, I AM”). Jesus uses the title God ascribes to himself and that is reserved to the Logos, the word made flesh.
Not understanding the truth of Jesus’ words, the Jews “picked up stones” to punish him for blasphemy but Jesus left the temple area.
CCC: Jn 8:55 473; Jn 8:58 590; Jn 8:59 574
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Reflection:
God speaks to us from two different parts of Sacred Scripture saying almost the same thing. From Genesis, in the Covenant of Circumcision [5], we hear God saying to Abraham: “You and your descendants after you must keep my covenant throughout the ages." Then in St. John’s Gospel, Jesus says: “Whoever keeps my word will never see death." God was telling Abraham that for all the blessings being promised to him and his descendants, the land, the bounty, and the fertility (continuing his lineage indefinitely), he and his descendants needed to keep their part of the promise. They were to follow God’s Law, worshiping him only. In Abraham’s covenant, all of the stipulations of Mosaic law had not been spelled out. It was much simpler, but apparently much more difficult to understand.
Fast forward now a thousand years or more. God’s people have failed time and again. They have been given the law of Moses to clarify what God had spoken to Abraham. The Lord God had sent great prophets, Elijah, Isaiah, Jeremiah, and all the others to try to encourage the people to have faith. The prophets promised that God would send his deliverer, an anointed one, to lead them to the peace and joy of God’s kingdom. God tried so many times to help them understand the heart of the law and his will through the prophets.
Later history when the people again had failed and had been subjugated, this time by the great Roman Empire, comes a humble carpenter from Galilee. He comes to the very source of power in all of Israel and Judea, to Jerusalem, where all the faithful Hebrews are called in pilgrimage. He comes just as preparations are under way for the great Passover Feast which celebrates God’s saving power, when Moses led the children of Israel out of bondage.
This upstart holy man comes to the temple and says something remarkable. He claims God as his Father. He claims a shared identity, naming himself with God’s only name “I AM.” And he says the same thing God said to Abraham, but even broadens the promise of salvation, as if in clarification of the covenant with Abraham. He says, “Whoever keeps my word will never see death." As with almost all of the descendants of Abraham before them, they took offense and did not understand, would not trust, and could not believe.
Two thousand years later, after saint upon saint has come before us, valorously showing us what the words mean, we still find it difficult to grasp, to believe in our hearts and to act upon those words. Is it because it is not clear? What does it mean to “keep Jesus’ word?” What was that word? He made it clear in his public life. He lived “his word” in his example and in his preaching. It can be summed up in one word – love! But he applied it like no one before him and no one since. He applied it to everyone but first of all to God. Love God and love one another. This is his word. And since we have come to understand that Jesus is God, we must love him above all else as well.
Alas, our imperfect grasp of his word still bars us from the perfect peace and grace he promises all his faithful. Our Lenten fast drives us toward a deeper understanding and a deeper application of his word in our lives. We pray that we will finally live it as he intended and find life as he promised.
Pax
[1] The picture today is “Abraham's Journey to Canaan” by Pieter Pietersz. Lastman, 1614.
[2] S.S. Commemoratio
[3] The readings are taken from the New American Bible, with the exception of the psalm and its response which were developed by the International Committee for English in Liturgy (ICEL). This republication is not authorized by USCCB and is for private use only.
[4] The Word Biblical Commentary, Genesis 16-50, Volume 2, © 2000 by Thomas Nelson, Inc., p. 21.
[5] Ibid, p.13.
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